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BS4994 (formally: British Standard 4994:1987) is the 'specification for the design and construction of vessels and storage tanks in reinforced plastics'. It specifies a code of practice for use by manufacturers of such containers. With the publication of BS EN 13121-3, BS 4994:1987 Specification for design and construction of vessels and tanks in reinforced plastics is declared obsolescent, which will still cover those tanks still in service as tanks made from GRP are generally accepted to have a long working life.
Dual laminate construction, simple FRP with glass mats, or a combination of unidirectional filament winding are common.
- 24 Vessels built after 1987 should have been constructed to British Standard BS 4994:1987, or to an equivalent standard. Requirements to safeguard against tank or vessel failure can be found in the design standards listed in the References. 25 Manufacturers should work to an appropriate standard which simplifies quality control.
- Purchase your copy of BS 4994:1987 as a PDF download or hard copy directly from the official BSI Shop. All BSI British Standards available online in electronic and print formats. BS 4994:1987 - Specification for design and construction of vessels and tanks in reinforced plastics – BSI British Standards.
- Bs 4994 latest edition.pdf FREE PDF DOWNLOAD. Learn more Info for Support. BS4994 (formally: British Standard 4994:1987) is the 'specification for the design. Purchase your copy of BS 4994:1987 as a PDF download or hard copy directly from the official BSI Shop.
DUAL LAMINATE : A thermoplastic lining material, preferably 3mm to 5mm thick sheet functions as a corrosion barrier. This thermoplastic liner is not considered to contribute mechanical strength. FRP which is constructed over this lining provides the strength requirements for materials to withstand design conditions like pressure, vacuum, hydrostatic load, etc. The choice of thermoplastic is based on the chemical corrosion requirement of the equipment. PP, PVC, PTFE, ECTFE, CPVC, PVDF are used as common thermoplastic liners.
FRP (GRP): Glass mats in the form of chopped strand mat and woven roving is most common in hand lay-up method. These mats are laid on the mold and impregnated with 'initiated' resins like polyester, epoxy, vinyl ester, bisphenol epoxy vinyl ester, etc. The choice of resin is based on the chemical corrosion requirement of the equipment.
C.4 BS 4994: (1987): HEMISPHERE UNIT LOADS The 1985 BS 4994 stipulated a Ks factor of 0,65 while the newly recognised BS 4994 (1987) indicates a shape factor value of 0,6. The ait.erui.ion of ine shape factor nas reduced th. E unit load value' by 9,6. Ks (new) Design Pressure (Pd) Inside Diameter (Di) 0,6 1,6 bars 1054 mm Q = 0,5.
An earlier version of the specification was BS 4994:1973.
NEW LOAD UNITS: It is to avoid the uncertainty associated with specifying the thickness alone, that BS4994 introduced the concept of 'unit properties'. It is property per unit width, per unit mass of reinforcement. For example, UNIT STRENGTH is defined as load in Newtons per millimeter (of laminate width) for a layer consisting of 1 kg of glass per square meter, i.e., the unit is N/mm per kg/m2 glass.
This standard still remains as most popular reference material for FRP tanks and vessels
Further reading[edit]
Bs 4994 Pdf Free Download Windows 7
- BS 4994:1987 – Specification for design and construction of vessels and tanks in reinforced plastics. British Standards. 1987-06-30. ISBN0-580-15075-5.
- 'Pressure Vessel Design Case Study'. ESR Technology. Archived from the original on 2007-05-12. — a case study of the design process of a cylindrical vessel, using the BS 4994 methodology
Bs 4994 Pdf Free Download Windows 10
See also[edit]
Bs 4994 Pdf Free Download 64-bit